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Legal Realism: Roberts Style

In his dissent in yesterday's Boumediene v. Bush decision, Chief Justice Roberts wrote:

The critical threshold question in these cases, prior to any inquiry about the writ’s scope, is whether the system the political branches designed protects whatever rights the detainees may possess.

(Emphasis supplied.) This is Roberts the judicial minimalist. And so he is when discussing the Great Writ. But not always. For example, in the Parents Involved school desegregation cases, Roberts trampled the "system the political branches designed." He struck down the systems designed by the charged political branches in Seattle and Louisville to deal with that issue. It seems Chief Justice Roberts is a judicial minimalist when it favors the result he wishes to reach. Of course Roberts is no judicial minimalist, he is a Legal Realist. More . . .

I discussed the contortions of Chief Justice Roberts in Parents Involved in this post.

What remains troubling to me is the academic Broderism we see from some. The continuing references to Roberts as a "judicial minimalist" remains a troubling phenomenon. Digby gets it right about Chief Justice Roberts:

Roberts is a particularly unctuous character, with his sunny smile and youthful energy, while he dishonestly passes off wingnut bumper stickers like “the way to stop discrimination on the basis of race is to stop discriminating on the basis of race” as judicial reasoning. (I can hardly wait for him to read his decision on gun rights where he says "guns don't kill people, people kill people")

Precisely right. And, as Rick Pearlstein noted, he is not above rewriting history"

Justice Roberts, "restricting the ability of public school districts to use race to determine which schools students can attend," wrote for the plurality of Scalia, Thomas, and Alito that, "Before Brown, schoolchildren were told where they could and could not go to school based on the color of their skin."

If I were a high school teacher and young Johnny Roberts wrote this on an exam on civil rights history, I would give him an "F." The idea that the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court could cough up such a ludicrous hairball is evidence of a nation gone mad with amnesia. Or, if you prefer, a conservative intellectual class that knows the history full well, and has simply let itself lie.

Do educated people really need this explained to them? It wasn't merely "before Brown" that "schoolchildren were told where they could and could not go to school based on their color of their skin." It was long, long after the Supreme Court's unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka - for the next seventeen years at least.

I mean, do I really have to explain this? In 1955, the year after Brown, the Supreme Court specified the compliance language for the first decision: Southern school districts would have to comply "with all deliberate speed."

Instead, they did not comply at all. Instead, the region staged a self-consious movement of "Massive Resistance." Nearly every Southern congressman signed a manifesto pledging to defy the Court by "all lawful means." In Virginia senator and former Klansman Harry Flood Byrd's minions pushed through the state assembly an order to close any school under federal court order to integrate. And in 1957 in Little Rock—well, has Justice Roberts never heard of this?

The myth of the judicial minimalist needs to be stamped out. I hope intelligent observers can see that if there is such a species, Chief Justice Roberts is not one of them, except when it conveniently helps get him to the result he favors. There is a phrase for that - legal realism.

Speaking for me only

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    Yup. One small change I'd suggest: (5.00 / 3) (#4)
    by scribe on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 09:54:40 AM EST
    Pearlstein says:

    Or, if you prefer, a conservative intellectual class that knows the history full well, and has simply let itself lie.

    It should read:

    Or, if you prefer, a conservative intellectual class that knows the history full well, and has simply chosen to lie whenever it deems it necessary, to advance its agenda.

    Because, let's be clear, theirs is a movement with the objective of having the "right" people rule, and everyone else saddled, ridden and ruled.  Such movements place no value on truth or intellectual honesty and all value on advancing the objectives of the movements.

    Federalist Society Forever (none / 0) (#16)
    by desert dawg on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 02:05:07 PM EST
    Alito's a member, Thomas, Scalia and  Kennedy are close affiliates, and Roberts was head of its steering committee at the time of his nomination, altho he was "confused" at the time about whether or not he was a member. One legal newspaper remembered differently:
    http://thinkprogress.org/2005/07/26/roberts-was-prominent-member-of-federalist-society/

    The court once again reiterated that states are serious players in our system of government," said John Roberts Jr., a lawyer with Washington, D.C. 's Hogan & Hartson and a prominent member of the conservative Federalist Society.

    Whether members or not, however, is a distinction without a difference, e.g., Scalia advised the Society at its inception and later hired two of its three founders as his law clerks. Thomas attacked the ABA for being too socially conscious at a Fed Society panel.   in fact, now that FedSoc membership is di riguer for US Attorneys, it's probably the same for noms to SCOTUS.

    Here's a tasty tidbit:
    http://thinkprogress.org/2007/04/13/federalist-attorneys/it's

    Parent

    Heh (5.00 / 3) (#5)
    by Steve M on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 09:54:49 AM EST
    I'll take a Posner any day.  At least he has self-awareness.  These judges who cloak their results-oriented jurisprudence in disingenuous neutral principles like "deferring to the elected branches" are the worst.

    Well, "judicial restraint" sounds like (none / 0) (#6)
    by andgarden on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 10:02:29 AM EST
    a great concept, but show me it in action.

    I think BTD is absolutely right to hone in on affirmative action/bussing as an area where "conservatives" are incapable of showing restraint.

    Parent

    I am shocked, shocked! (5.00 / 3) (#7)
    by madamab on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 10:28:01 AM EST
    to hear that conservatives, while pretending to avow "strict constructionism," in fact are judicial activists of the most destructive kind!

    Now, where are my winnings?

    (BTD - have you read John Dean's "Conservatives Without Conscience?" There's a good section on this judicial activism nonsense.)

    Conservatives were never against (5.00 / 5) (#8)
    by Radix on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 10:30:49 AM EST
    "Judicial Activism", they just wanted only their activists practicing it.

    Because there are no facts, there is no truth
    Just data to be manipulated...

    Don Henly-Garden of Allah

    Indeed (5.00 / 1) (#9)
    by andgarden on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 10:39:18 AM EST
    Time to revisit Progressive Originalism BTD?

    Parent
    Great post. (none / 0) (#1)
    by Faust on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 09:43:52 AM EST


    BTD great post (none / 0) (#2)
    by samtaylor2 on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 09:47:57 AM EST
    I am not a lawyer nor do I know the law, my question is how would a conservative lawyer refute what was written here inteliigently and how would you answer back?  

    Depressing that so many people (none / 0) (#3)
    by andgarden on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 09:51:04 AM EST
    bought into his charm. My neighbor's dog could have told you he was a trojan horse. Of course, Alito proved that Bush need not have even bothered with a Trojan Horse. (Something I hope Obama takes to heart next year when he fills 4-6 seats).

    Obama alone may not save us (5.00 / 1) (#10)
    by McKinless on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 10:49:21 AM EST
    The "bad actors" here are not so much the Republicans who are only doing what Republicans do but the damn Democratic Senatorial enablers who voted for Roberts and Alito and earlier Thomas and Scalia. I find myself getting angrier and angrier about them. Obama should not be expected to be our savior. We need strong, progressive Democrats in Congress.

    Parent
    Obama can be expected to appoint good judges (none / 0) (#11)
    by andgarden on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 10:50:50 AM EST
    I'm (5.00 / 1) (#12)
    by Ga6thDem on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 11:49:59 AM EST
    not sure about that. Some of the names that have been bandied around don't seem to impressive to me.

    Parent
    Do McCain's seem better? (none / 0) (#13)
    by andgarden on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 12:02:21 PM EST
    Obama surely better than mccain, but (5.00 / 1) (#14)
    by pluege on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 12:11:20 PM EST
    progressives are going to be extremely disappointed with President Obama if that comes to pass.

    Parent
    Frankly (5.00 / 1) (#15)
    by Ga6thDem on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 12:11:54 PM EST
    no. I'm impressed with neither's choices. You know what I currently see as the biggest problem? The fundamentalists are STILL running this country whether we get Obama or McCain. McCain will have to consider them since he's a Republican and Obama wants to please them. Truly, I haven't seen an election this bad in twenty years.

    Parent
    Roberts and Alito (none / 0) (#17)
    by zyx on Fri Jun 13, 2008 at 06:58:35 PM EST
    are incredibly conservative disasters that will be with us for a long, long time--just about my lifetime, I suppose.

    (Shudders)

    Legal realism vs. judicial activism (none / 0) (#18)
    by almondwine on Sat Jun 14, 2008 at 02:29:53 PM EST
    BTD-

    Roberts is no legal realist.  He is, however, a judicial activist.

    Legal realism is much more of a positive description of how judges come to make their decisions than a normative belief among judges of how they should decide.  Legal realism is no more a framework for the actual deciding of cases than realism in international relations is a framework for making foreign policy decisions.  In both disciplines, 'realism' is a term for a school of thought on how to understand how the decisions are made.  

    Anyone who says "I think I should do X because I'm a realist" and in so doing is trying to use 'realist' in some theoretical context that would support their action is doing great violence to the term realist.  Realism never seeks to justify any certain course of action, but rather sets elegant premises by which we can theoretically understand why actors other than ourselves took the courses of action that they did.

    Which means that it's probably more correct to say that Justice Roberts is ALWAYS a legal realist, and is NEVER a minimalist.