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David Coleman Headley Avoids Life Sentence for Mumbai Attacks

David Coleman Headly was sentenced today for his role in the Mumbai bombings and planned attack of a Danish newspaper. His plea agreement called for a life sentence, allowing him to avoid the death penalty.

He was sentenced today to 35 years, a reduced term, because of his cooperation with authorities. Even Patrick Fitzgerald showed up to argue for the lesser sentence.

Headley is 52. The Judge said today he hoped his sentence would keep Headley in prison for the rest of his life. (He will have to serve 85% of the 35 years, but he will get credit for the time he has spent in custody since his arrest in 2009.) [More...]

[T}he judge pointed out that Headley previously received two generous plea bargains when he was charged with heroin trafficking in the 1980 and 1990s.

He said Headley had been spared the death penalty by the plea deal and from extradition to Denmark and India, where the lone survivor of the 10-man Mumbai attack squad was hanged last year.

“I don’t have any faith in Mr. Headley when he says he’s a changed person committed to the American way of life,” Leinenweber said. “I hope the sentence I impose will keep him under lock and key for the rest of his natural life.”

Headley's cooperation didn't result in any higher-up being convicted. While indicted as co-defendants in the case, they are still at large, and no one seems to be looking for them.

Headley’s handlers have been identified as a Major Iqbal of the ISI and Sajid Mir, a veteran Lashkar chief who is accused of being the project manager of the Mumbai plot. Iqbal remains an officer in the Pakistani security forces, and Mir remains in Pakistan protected by the ISI, according to U.S. and Indian counterterror officials.

Asked Thursday whether Pakistan has made any effort to arrest the accused masterminds, Gary S. Shapiro, acting U.S. attorney in the Northern District of Illinois, said: “I have no idea.”

A U.S. counterterror official says the answer to that question is "No one is looking for them in Pakistan."

Headley's cooperation resulted in the conviction of Tahawwur Rana, who played a very minor role (if any) and was sentenced by the same judge to 14 years last week.

U.S. Attorney Gary Shapiro today also said:

“We need witnesses. The only way you get witnesses in this world is to threaten them with prosecution and then offer them an incentive to cooperate.”

I disagree. Cooperators' testimony is purchased testimony and inherently unreliable. It is testimony the Government purchases with promises of leniency, and freedom is a commodity far more precious than money. The incentive to lie is enormous and it is a practice that is making our criminal justice system morally bankrupt.

The DEA has yet to answer why it joined Headley's request for early termination of his supervised release while he was working as their informant, acquiesced in his request to travel to Pakistan, and then failed to notice he had joined the terrorists. Here's a timeline of how David Coleman Headley outwitted the DEA.

Why did the DEA enlist a heroin addict with two strikes to work for them in Pakistan? Why didn't they send a handler with him? Why didn't they keep tabs on him? How did they not realize he had switched sides or was playing both sides?

Headley testified at Rana's trial that he lived in Lahore in 2000, when he first made contact with Lashkar-e-Taiba. "I went to a meeting. I listened to speeches." He told prosecutors after his arrest that it was in 2001 that he decided to join the LeT and fight for the cause of jihad.

Headley got out of prison on his second heroin case in 1999. He was placed on 5 years supervised release. He was allowed to go to Pakistan in July, 1999. The docket reads:

07/20/1999 ORDER as to Daood Saleem Gilani, endorsed on letter dated 7/14/99 from Howard Leader to Judge Amon, requesting permission to travel to Pakistan from 8.10.99 through 9.15.99. Application granted. ( Signed by Judge Carol B. Amon , on 7/16/99) (Entered: 07/20/1999)

If Headly was living in Pakistan in 2000 when he was due back 8/10/99, he either got extensions which don't appear on the record or came back and went again. His probation/supervised release officer had to know about it, as would the Court.

In November, 2001, two months after 9/11, Headley and the Government made a joint application to terminate his supervised release three years early. The DEA told the judge they considered him "reliable and forthcoming" and they wanted him to go to Pakistan to develop intelligence on Pakistani drug traffickers.

According to the probation officer, it was a rushed affair. He had to apologize for not being in court attire, and the prosecutors apologized for not having enough time to put the motion in writng. The Court granted the request. From the docket of his NY heroin case:

11/16/2001 CALENDAR ENTRY as to Daood Saleem Gilani ; Case called before Judge Carol B. Amon on 11/16/01 for Status Conf. ESR: Loan Hong. AUSA: Michael Beys; Howard Leader, Esq. for the Deft. Joint application for termination of Supervised Release granted. (Permaul, Jenny) (Entered: 11/20/2001) (my emphasis)

12/27/2001 ORDER as to Daood Saleem Gilani. It is ordered that the releasee be discharged from supervised release and that the proceedings in the case be terminated. Signed by Judge Carol B. Amon, on 12/18/01. (Entered: 12/27/2001)

When Headley left for Pakistan in December,