The extra twist in the security situation is that a bad guy is actively trying to make your software misbehave. This certainly makes security a tricky proposition. Malicious hackers don't create security holes; they simply exploit them. Security holes and vulnerabilities--the real root cause of the problem--are the result of bad software design and implementation. Bad guys build exploits (often widely distributed as scripts) that exploit the holes. (By the way, we try to refer to bad guys who exploit security holes as malicious hackers instead of simply hackers throughout this book.
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